Unformatted input/output functions in c language
Type conversion and advantages disadvantage
Type conversion -
1. Implicit conversion -
2. Xplicit conversion -
Advantage -
Disadvantage -
Operator in c language
What is operator -
Arithmetic operator -
Assignment operator -
Increment operator -
1. Post increment operator -
Decrement operators -
1. Post decrement operator -
2. Pre decrement operator -
Relational operator -
Logical operator -
Conditional operator -
Bit Wise operator -
1. Bit wise AND -
2. Bit wise OR -
Data type in c language
Data Types -
2. User define data type -
3. Derived data type -
Variables in c language
Variables -
1. Local variable -
Global variable -
C Tokens
C TOKENS-
1. Keyword-
2. Identifier-
3. Constant-
4. Operator-
Structure of c language
Structure of c
The structure of c program is nothing but the way of framing the group of statement while writing a c program. Step to learn c language. we have arrived to a conclusion that a program us a collection of statement.
1. Documentation Section-
This section is used to declaration of the program name or comments.
2. Pre-processor Directives-
This section is used to start with # symbol. These statement instruct the compiler to
include the specified file in the begenning of the program.
E.G- "#include
3. Global Declaration-
The variable that are declaration all the function are called Global variable. All the function can access these variable by default the global variable initialised with zero.
4. Main() -
Each and every c programs should have a function main() and this function is always executed first. The statement is closed with in left and right curly braces "{ }" are called body of function.
5. Declaration Section-
The local variable that are to be used in the main() should declaration in this section.
6. Executable Section-
This section contain the builting block of the program. The block containing executable statement represent the direction given to the processor to perform the task.
7. User Defined Function-
This is last optical selection of the program structure. The function write by the user to perform particular task are called user Defined function.
program
Write a program to print the messag
#include <stdio.h>
void main() {
printf("This is C programming Tutorial"); getch(); }
Program Development of life cycle
Program development is not a single activity but a multi-step process. Each step comprises of specific type of activities. All the steps of program development put through are often referred to as program development life cycle.
Program development life cycle steps are given below -
1. Understanding the problem -
For writing a program , you have to understand the problem first, unless you understand the problem clearly you will not be able to write the program.
2. Planning the solution-
Planning the solution means finalizing all those steps that are to be carried out for solving the problem. This step is often referred to as algorithms development or logic development phase.
3. Coding -
Refer all above mentioned steps and note that these steps are simply a plan on paper for attaining a solution, not the exact solution. The exact solution has to exist in the form of command written in computer language.
4 .Editing, Compiling and Executing-
In the phase, program is written on computer using a text editor. After entering the program in compiled so that the sentences of the program gets converted into machine language.
5. Debugging -
Newly development program may have few error in it. These errors can occur due to various reasons. Either you may have forgotten some of the steps or you may have performed wrong operations or you may have used wrong logic in the program. All such type of errors have to be found our in the program and corrected so that the program gives correct results. This process finding mistakes in the program and correcting them called debugging.
6. Documentation -
A correct program is of very little use. Unless it is supported by full description in writing. Detailed description of the program is called documentation.
Features of c language
Features of c -
characteristics of c language
Characteristics of c programming language
There's following characteristics of programming, which are given below -
(1) Accurate -
The programming of a program is a based on certain problem. The problem must be pre-defined clearly with specification of retirement. So the designed program must be accurate to perform the specific task.
(2) Efficient -
It means the program must not spend much time or over use the processor in executing it's code.
(3) Maintainable -
It means the availability to change age per the now need. With very little modification a program should work for the new needs.
(4) Portable -
It means the program can be easily transfer from one machine to another machine and programs can be carry to any platform to solve the task.
(5) Readable -
The program is also read by co-programmer so the designed program must contain proper comments to explain the code.
(6) Reliable -
This is the most important characteristics of programming ,program should be reliable.
(7) Robust -
The designed program is expected to continue with its functions even at the an expected error.
(8) Useable -
Program must be easy to use. It must be designe with proper interactive message so that the user can easily got it.
(9) Documentation -
The uses of comments or remarks to explain the code interaction and the mode use of the program is called documentation.
Introduction of c programming language
Introduction of c language
C language is programming language developed at Bell Laboratories of USA in 1972 written by Dennis Ritchie. Computer language are written in computer language each computer language is different from others c, c++,Java, visual basic etc.
○Learning of any language start with sequential steps _
Step 1: As the first step before leaning any language we learn the alphabet of the language. The alphabet is called character set.
Step 2: We learn how one or more character can be grouped together to from meaningful word are called tokens.
Step 3: We learn how one or more sentence are grouped together to from meaningful sentence is called statement.
Step 4: We learn how one or more statement are grouped together to from set of paragraph is called program.
History of c progamming language/History of c
History of C Language
The c programming language is a structure oriented programming language at Bell Laboratories of American Telephone & Telegraph in 1972(U.S.A) By Dennis Ritchie. C language was invented for implementing UNIX operating system. and it was developed to overcome the problems of previous language as if B,BCPL ANSI C and Algol etc.
Now we will discus you about the developed language before c language-----
Language Developed By Year
Algol International group 1960
BCPL Martin Richard 1967
B Ken Thompson 1970
Traditional C Dennis Ritchie 1972
K & R C Kernighan& Dennis Ritchie 1978
ANSIC ANSI Committee 1989
ANSI/ISO C ISO Committee 1990
C99 Standardization Committee 1999
There are three types of c language-
- Low level language
- Assembly language
- High level language